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EPC vs PPA for factory solar—what procurement should lock first

A plain comparison of EPC ownership and PPA supply models for industrial rooftop solar, focused on cash, risk, and O&M duties.

Factories often choose between buying a system (EPC) and buying solar energy under a PPA. Both can cut daytime cost; contracts and control differ.

EPC in one line

The plant owns the asset, pays capex, and controls specs and maintenance planning.

PPA in one line

A provider funds the system; the plant pays for energy under contract terms. Read tariff, access rights, termination, and who repairs faults.

Close these before signing

Asset ownership, O&M responsibility, expansion headroom, and what happens if the plant is sold or the line layout changes.

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